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Professor Romain Glèlè Kakaï and other authors revealed how flies acquire bacteria from contaminated water, transmit the bacteria to food, and survive in affected environments. Their findings show that when housefly population dynamics are factored into cholera transmission models, outbreaks can spread far more rapidly than previously expected.
The study suggests cholera transmission can become highly explosive: even minimal initial contamination may trigger large outbreaks when environmental vectors like flies are active. Because flies can mechanically transfer bacteria to multiple individuals in a short period, outbreak patterns can resemble “sparks igniting dry grass".
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